How to treat dry eye 

Dry eye is a common eye condition that affects millions of people worldwide. It occurs when the eyes are not able to produce enough tears to keep them lubricated or when the tears evaporate too quickly. Although dry eyes can be uncomfortable. In this blog, we'll explore what dry eye is and ways you can make the condition more comfortable.

What is chronic dry eye?

Every time you blink, your eyelids spread a thin layer of tears across the front of the eye. This tear film prevents our eyes from feeling dry and is made up of three layers:

• The oily outer layer, known as the lipid layer. This layer acts as a barrier to slow down the evaporation of the tears
• The watery middle layer; known as the aqueous layer, provides the moisture of the tears
• The sticky inner layer, known as the mucous layer. This layer keeps the tears in contact with the cornea, the clear front of the eye. This helps the watery layer remain in the right place

Dry eye is not typically considered a dangerous condition. However, if left untreated, it can cause discomfort and lead to complications. Symptoms of dry eye may include:

• A stinging or burning sensation in the eyes
• Itchy or red eyes
• Blurred vision
• Sensitivity to light
• Eye fatigue
• Difficulty wearing contact lenses
• Excessive tearing

What are the causes of dry eyes?

• Using computers and other electrical devices such as mobile phones for a long period without taking a break
• Taking certain medicines, such as antidepressants or beta-blockers can cause dry eyes as a side effect
• Smoking, vaping or drinking alcohol
• Spending time in air-conditioned or heated environments
• Hormonal changes in women after menopause and during pregnancy

How can I treat my dry eyes?

The treatment for chronic dry eye depends on the severity of the condition. Mild cases can often be treated with over-the-counter eye drops that lubricate the eyes. However, more severe cases may require prescription eye drops, ointments, or oral medications. In addition to medication, there are other ways to manage chronic dry eye symptoms. These include:

• Using a humidifier: Adding moisture to the air can help reduce dryness in the eyes.
• Taking breaks: If you spend a lot of time on the computer or reading, take regular breaks to give your eyes a rest. You may also want to consider a blue filter upgrade to your lenses to help with dry eye and fatigue when using screens
• Blinking more frequently: Staring at a screen or reading for extended periods can cause you to blink less frequently, leading to dry eyes. Make an effort to blink more frequently to keep your eyes lubricated
• Maintaining a balanced diet: Eating a diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids, such as salmon or flaxseed, can help reduce inflammation and improve eye health

When to see your optician

Dry eye tends to be a long term condition. Once you have it, you will usually be prone to it and will need ongoing treatment. If you have dry eye symptoms it’s better to consult an Optician.

There are a number of treatments available but most people with dry eyes will need to use some form of drops or gel called 'lubricants'. These can help your eyes feel more comfortable.

Your Optician will advise you on the correct type of dry eye treatment, including the right lubricants to use that are tailored to your particular level and type of dryness. They will also recommend a management plan designed for your specific needs.

How do I get help?

If you’re worried about dry eye, you should visit your optician at the earliest opportunity.

Treatment options range from over-the-counter eye drops to more advanced procedures, depending on the severity of the condition. Making Lifestyle changes, such as using a humidifier and taking breaks from screen time, can also help manage symptoms.

If you’ve had prolonged signs and symptoms of dry eyes, pop into your local M&S opticians or book an appointment online today.

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